Consider a fluid pressure defined by:
Where is the stress tensor. If one has an ideal fluid (no shear stress) then:
=
=
OR:
=
where:
= n × ds
Now use Gauss’ law to write:
=
Where:
(Ñ v) a =
[ 0 ½ ( ¶ vy/¶x - ¶ vx/¶y) -]
[ ½ ( ¶ dvx/¶x - ¶ vy/¶x] 0 ]
[ - - 0 ]
We need only three different terms, such that:
In general:
Where we have for the 1st term on RHS:
= [i j k ]
½ [¶/¶x ¶/¶y ¶/¶ z]
[ vx vy vz ]
Now,
(Ñ v)a × d r =
Which corresponds to a rigid rotation of fluid with some angular velocity
We next want to look for a linear combination of:
with (Ñ v)s And with (Ñ v s) independent of the coordinate system. Thereby:
(Ñ v) s = (Ñ v)const + (Ñ v) -t = 1/3 (Tr) (Ñ v) s 1
N.B. -t Þ Traceless
Whence: 1/3 (Tr) (Ñ v) s 1
=
[ ¶ vx/¶x + ¶ vy/¶y + ¶ vz/¶z 0 0]
1/3 [0 ¶ vx/¶x + ¶ vy/¶y ¶ vz/¶z 0 ]
[ 0 0 ¶ vx/¶x ¶ vy/¶y ¶ vz/¶z ]
Then:
(Ñ v) s = 1/3 (Tr) (Ñ v) s 1 + (Ñ v) -t
Þ =
- 2 h (Ñ v)-t - 1/3 h (Ñ × v) 1
{ }
Where the bracketed term denotes resistance to expansion/contraction which < < 1 for an ideal fluid.
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