Tuesday, June 6, 2017

Harvard Rescinds Admissions To Ten Right Wing Garbage Purveyors - But This Is No 'Free Speech' Issue!


"Doh! Dey found my memes! Now I ain't goin' to Hahvd!"

Let us acknowledge that even if you are a Nazi-worshipping maggot of the Right, and perhaps have half a brain  - you will have your Harvard admission rescinded if the "memes" you post are extreme. Such as the case with ten incoming Harvard freshmen who had their places rescinded by the university for sharing a series of ultra-Right, proto -fascist "memes". (Actually, more consonant with depraved eruptions from the respective lizard brains of the participants.)

The "memes" so-called  - a designation way too grand for their actual vile nature,  were posted in a Facebook group message called “Harvard memes for horny bourgeois teens” and “General Fuckups”. The story was first reported by the Crimson.     Even one of the "least" offensive posted by one person in the original clique is simply too abominable for words.

This was clearly compliments of a pro-Trump knuckle dragger who has problems with immigration, and Mexicans in particular. It is right that Harvard spotted this refuse, as well as other offensive garbage on the site (e.g. a Rabbi shown along with the caption: 'Why don't Jews eat p*ssy? - Because it too close to the gas chamber).  What were these arrogant little turds thinking? Did they truly believe they'd never be found out? Did they truly think that disgusting "joke" is a meme?

Jessica Zhang, who is also about to join Harvard’s Class of 2021, left the group after seeing what was being posted in it. She told The Tab: “Some people replied with ‘lol’, a fire emoji or ‘omg’ and found them either funny or shocking…more and more people began leaving the chat when they saw those memes.”

In fact, in line with what I wrote above, I would not even call them "memes".  They are plain, revolting brain expulsions with no chance at all of being replicated or circulated - at least by sane and sensible people. The first explication of the meme  was in the Chapter, 'The Kingdom and the Darkness' in the book, Chance and Necessity' by Biochemist Jacques Monod (Collins Books, UK, 1970)

Monod listed three attributes:

1) Performance value (what change does the mind virus bring about in a person's behavior?)

2) Propagation value (How far and wide is the mind virus spread and what means are employed to achieve this? I.e. fear of "Hell", fear of physical retribution (stoning, beheading in Islamic enclaves, etc.)

3) Infectious value: (How easily are other brains infected with the mind virus? What specific attributes of the mind virus facilitate this infection?)

I warrant the "memes" circulated by the degenerates who had their Harvard admissions rescinded met none of these. The very fact Zhang notes "more and more people leaving" discloses the impact one of revulsion than replicating them. (Though to be sure we can't prove that, but I do suspect these kids learned that this was filth they didn't wish to get into)

The assorted garbage - not memes - included jokes about the Holocaust (see the one example above), pedophilia, suicide, racism, school shootings, and bestiality, were apparently among those linked to the rescinding.  I have only shown two in this post to provide the context and basis for Harvard's rescinding. Again this is distinct from a free speech issue because unlike the U.S. - Harvard (like most universities) determines its own standards and honor codes. If these students had taken the time they'd have learned that according to Harvard college admissions policies, the university  "reserves the right to withdraw an offer of admission if the admitted student engages or has engaged in behavior that brings into question their honesty, maturity or moral character.”

Read more here: http://www.fresnobee.com/news/nation-world/national/article154418494.html#fmp#storylink=cpy

So, if a student or students don't comply with them then yes, they can have their admissions rescinded. Btw, the little dolts caught by Harvard would also be advised that in the course of job screenings, corporations do exactly the same thing, i.e. examine your Facebook page, timeline, posts. They also will Google you to search for affiliations, positions they may not tolerate and feel free to rescind any employment offer if they don't like what they see. A word to the wise: what you think is cute or clever in a FB post, can be toxic to your career.

Perhaps now, entitled pro-Trump fascists in the making will think twice before glorifying or circulating their garbage - believing they are immune to repercussions.




Leaker Reality Winner Is No Winner At Leaking!

Reality Winner poses in a photo from her Instagram account.
Reality Winner before being busted by Feds for leaking classified documents.

As the self-righteous Right's paper patriots and Trumpies go bananas over the arrest of NSA leaker Reality Leigh Winner it is well to consider this:  the winsome young Millennial was not the sharpest knife in the drawer. At least when it came to the actual method of her accessing the document she leaked.  Ax reported now by numerous news sources with access to the documents, Russian intelligence agents hacked a US voting systems manufacturer in the weeks leading up to last year’s presidential election, according to the Intercept, citing what it said was "a highly classified National Security Agency (NSA) report".  (This was the selfsame report Winner leaked).

Any other savvy NSA contractor, or Edward Snowden, could have told her you do not use an NSA-tagged printer to run off anything you plan to leak.  That's like begging to be caught or wearing a sign on your back in 8 inch letters reading: "I'm the leaker! Catch me!"

But pardon me for saying that this lack of attention to detail is often a byproduct of the idealistic Millennial generation. Their hearts are certainly in the right place - and Winner's clearly was (she was also a Bernie supporter) but their heads are often in the clouds and not processing real world details, such as how to get NSA files out into the public.

Now that Ms. Winner has failed in that, the whole anti-leaker world is in high dudgeon calling for even more heads to roll. But roll they won't because I doubt any will be as dumb as Winner - who is no winner at the leaking game.  Besides, would be leakers will now be even more on their guard, taking more precautions.

Winner, 25, was arrested Saturday in Augusta, GA.  She held a top secret clearance at a government facility where she worked as a contractor - like Edward Snowden. Her contract company was Pluribus International Corporation. The DOJ alleges that Winner printed out the classified document, dated May 5th, and she admitted to removing, retaining and mailing it.

Contrast this with Edward Snowden's putative method (depicted in the movie, 'Snowden') whereby he carefully and sequentially first downloaded the files (XKeyscore, PRISM etc.)  onto an SD card, and then hid it within a tile of a  Rubik's cube. He then, on exiting the Oahu NSA Center, avoids running the Rubik's cube through security by tossing it by tossing it to a security guard who then plays with it - no remote idea it contains hidden files on an SD card. Meanwhile, Snowden - clean as a whistle - passes through the security screening without a hitch.

Had Winner seen the Oliver Stone movie, she'd have processed the extreme precautions needed to smuggle anything out of an NSA facility. Now, to be sure, the depiction in the film was just that - a fictional portrayal - and Snowden has never described how he actually did it. (Director Oliver Stone told The Daily Beast that he doesn’t actually know how Snowden smuggled out the information.) Never mind, we do have two items to work with:

1) Snowden did use a Rubik’s Cube to identify himself when he first met with Guardian journalist Glenn Greenwald. If he had possession of it then he could well have used it earlier.

2)  Though otherwise tight -lipped, Snowden himself hinted that there may be some truth behind the portrayal.

Most techie sites I've consulted do regard it as feasible, especially if carried out as portrayed in the film.  In any case, Snowden  - if informed of Winner's plan before she did it, would have told her in no uncertain terms to avoid using open access devices like printers. NO! NO! NO! You dummy!

Another dummy lapse: using her freaking work computer email  to make contact with the Intercept. Did she not know, or process, that all email systems on NSA - linked computers (not to mention those of most large corporations) are monitored?   My take is she may not be as stupid as her actions appear, and may simply have acted impetuously - without fully thinking her leak plan through.  This is very sad indeed, because she will now "repent at leisure", facing up to ten years in prison.

At the same time, her reckless folly has unleashed the screeching demons and harpies of the Right and the most odious, chest-pounding  Repukes (like Jason Chaffetz: "I want people in handcuffs and I want to see people behind bars!"). We will now have to listen to them as well as Trump bragging how they finally bagged a leaker(never mind an incautious one) and plan to grab many more.

The good aspect to this 'catch' of an abysmally clueless and careless leaker is that it is more than likely a one off.   Given the vile nature of the Trump presidency we need the leaks to continue now more than ever to expose these vipers as the vermin they are.  Reality Winner's foolish lapses didn't help, but I don't believe they will hurt other leaks in the long run.


Monday, June 5, 2017

Educating the WSJ's Kimberley Strassel On Why A Scientific integrity Official Is Needed At The EPA

Image result for kimberley strassel
WSJ's goofy columnist Kimberley Strassel believes she knows about the 'Deep State' but doesn't have a clue.

It's been somewhat hilarious over the past few months watching the Right's troglodytes do verbal backflips trying to avoid the Russia-Trump story. Instead they've confected nonsense conspiracy theories of how Obama buried hidden associates throughout the government - still waiting to be ferreted out-to give poor little Donald Trump a hard time. Make his presidency insufferable and illegitimate with no thought of how he's doing it all to himself with every move he makes. (The next one, another whopper of an unforced error, likely to be trying to block James Comey's testimony on Thursday, before the Senate Intelligence Committee.)

As far as the REAL deep state, those who are serious and really wish to write about it can do no better than reference Mike Lofgren  who described it in a compelling essay published at BillMoyers.com:  "a predatory consensus of money and political ideology that serves only its own endless growth and functions in pristine autonomy from any sort of democratic process."

In which case, Trump and his cabal in collusion with the Russkies fit the bill perfectly.  Look, for example, at Kushner's hobnobbing with the vipers of the notorious, money -laundering VEB bank.  See also: 

https://boingboing.net/2017/02/28/new-secretary-of-commerce-wil.html


Why? Look at Trump's global business interests - including in Saudi Arabia - and how he is enriching himself to the tune of millions while in office. In the meantime, no checks on his actions because the Repukes control all branches of gov't.

And what, pray tell, do conservatives call the "deep state"?  According to Strassel in her WSJ column from five days ago:

"The administrative state. The entrenched government elite. Lois Lerner. The federal bureaucracy....the cadre of federal employees accountable to no one, actively working from within to thwart Donald Trump."

But I think she has it backward. The administrative state, in fact, is that "cadre" of federal employees committed to protecting the rest of us from renegade corporate exploiters.  These are the elements of the federal "bureaucracy" that ensure your milk is free of fecal matter, your burgers  are free of E Coli., your drinking water of perchlorates and lead, and your canned tuna free of botulism. Also that medical devices are properly manufactured and sterilized to acceptable standards (FDA regs), i.e. so when you get your colonoscopy the colonoscope didn't just come directly from insertion into another patient..

In other words, Strassel is attacking the effective working government that has the general welfare as a primary role.  The sector that's charged with citizen protections, but which the Right calls "regulations" and has a jones on to eliminate all of them. 

See e.g.

http://smirkingchimp.com/thread/george-lakoff/71462/the-public-s-viewpoint-regulations-are-protections

But what's interesting is the agency Strassel singles out for special opprobrium: the EPA. Specifically, she targets Francesa Grifo "long time activist at the far left Union of Concerned Scientists".  Of course, to the knuckle draggers of the Right, anyone who supports genuine science - and that includes climate science - is of "the far left".   Anyway, Strassel complains about Grifo writing a report (accurate as it turns out) that "EPA scientists were under siege by Republican political appointees and industry lobbyists who had manipulated science on everything from mercury pollution to groundwater contamination to climate science".

As a long time member of UCS I read the same report and saw absolutely nothing amiss in what Ms. Grifo exposed.  It's been known by many of us for a long time that Republican political hacks have worked in collusion with chemical industry lobbyists to lower standards on everything from atrazine used in weedicides to bisphenol A,  to phthalates and perflurorooctanoic (PFOA) acid.

Risk benefit analyses- many done in Canada, show that even a billionth of a gram of bisphenol A can engender toxic effects, such as causing human cells to mutate toward a cancerous form (See: 'The Body Toxic', by Nina Baker, 2008, pp. 148-49).   The U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) of 1976 was supposed to limit the mass infiltration of chemicals, but it hasn't worked. Why not? Probably because before its implementation  a "blanket approval" was conferred  on some sixty two thousand chemicals used in commerce. As Nina Baker observes (p. 49):

"No questions were asked. No hazard data were required. It's not surprising therefore that 99% (by volume) of chemicals used today are older substances that were grandfathered in under the toxics act, according to Inform, a New York based research organization."

Meanwhile, citizens in Fountain , CO have been dealing with the spill of PFOA into Fountain Creek, decimating crops and wreaking economic havoc. The chemical lobbyists and their Repub associates simply wanted to argue it's all in residents' minds.

As for climate change, Strassel is evidently oblivious to the fact its ravages have been on display in everything from super storms, to floods to droughts and killer heat waves in India.  Oh, and lest we forget, in the melting glaciers around the world from Alaska to Switzerland. 

It seems abundantly clear to me, therefore, that what Strassel is really bitching about is spending taxpayer money on all those agency -government concerns that deliver citizen protections, as well as timely alerts and warnings  (issued by the CDC)   about the potential emergence of a new pandemic.  Instead, she wants to turn Francesca Grifo and her Scientific Integrity Committee into "bogeymen" for the conserve flacks to beat up on.  Indeed, in classic hysterical style, Strassel blabs:

"As Scientific Integrity Official, Ms. Grifo would have the awesome power to root out all these meddlesome science deniers. A 2013 Science magazine story reported she would lead an entire Scientific Integrity Committee, write an annual report documenting science “incidents” at the agency, and even “investigate” science problems—alongside no less than the agency’s inspector general."

But, of course, that "awesome power" is justified including that her position - not being a political appointment - comes with "civil service protections". This is just as well given we need someone, some authority dedicated to genuine science in the agency to ride herd over Scott Pruitt. Hence, contrary to Strassel's bloviations, Grifo would be within her purview to investigate Pruitt's assertion that "CO2 is not the prime driver of global warming". Of course it is, to the tempo of CO2 concentrations increasing by 2 ppm per year, increasing the radiative heating effect by 2 W/ m2 per year.

Strassel, in her hysterical screed, is actually looking askance at the extent of authority of "an unelected, unappointed activist" - which btw, is exactly why Ms. Grifo's role is so critical.:  She provides a check on a half-educated  twit out to destroy the agency to which he was appointed! See e.g.

http://brane-space.blogspot.com/2017/03/scott-pruitt-shows-hes-arsonist-for.html


So yes, Ms. Grifo can indeed decide this arsonist is "too unscientific to run his own agency". Hell, Pruitt's  too unqualified to even run a flea circus! Just as Sen. Jim Inhofe (OK) was too unqualified to be heading a Science Committee. 

But the most histrionic expulsion of verbiage showing Strassel truly doesn't get it - or doesn't want to - is the following:

"This is a government employee using taxpayer funds to plot ways to sabotage the Trump administration."

Well, to put it into perspective, if there was an official charged with halting an arsonist irresponsibly put in control of the Fire Dept. I'd damned sure want him or her to find way to sabotage that arsonist! In the case of Ms. Grifo, it is in all our best interests she is in the position she is to keep Pruitt honest and committed to the EPA as opposed to sabotaging it. In other words, we see HIM as the saboteur, not her.

So Strassel actually endorses the sabotage of the EPA and other agencies, as opposed to acting in our interests and welfare.

Strassel ends her hit piece on Grifo and "the deep state" (sic) by suggesting the Scientific Integrity Office be cut outright, adding: "the sooner department heads take action against the deep state the sooner this administration can drain the swamp".

Translation: The sooner we can cut responsible heads of agencies and employees,  i.e. those charged with using agencies to protect citizens health and welfare  - the sooner the swamp can be re-filled.

See also:

http://smirkingchimp.com/thread/p-m-carpenter/73228/climate-change-isnt-the-hoax-trump-is


Saturday, June 3, 2017

Kathy Griffin's Bloody Trump Head - And The Incredible "Free Speech" Hypocrisy Of The Right

How real is American freedom? More to the point, how does it compare with the freedom that other nations cherish, nations such as Norway, Barbados or Germany? Answering these questions can shed no small amount of light on the freedom we believe we have.

According to David M. Potter, in Freedom and its Limitations in American Life, (Stanford University Press, 1976), people of most other nations understand freedom to be wide ranging and to include freedom to express opinions contrary to the majority, or the societal "norms" and even engage in active dissent. Also, freedom to live as one chooses, e.g. in Barbados 'squatting' is quite legal, so long as it's not near water reservoirs, wells.

To the typical American (p. 7) "freedom" is not so inclusive or expansive but is limited to two concepts: "free and independent" and "free and equal". The first implies "freedom to avoid dependence" , e.g on any higher authority, thereby to attain true independence.This "freedom" is what the Tea Party Brigade incessantly invokes in its rallies to pursue the ultimate goal of "every man for himself" and no "nanny state".

As Potter notes, the other concept, "Free and equal" implies the essence of freedom is:

"Not being different from other people, but rather on a par with other people; not the right to choose between various modes of life, but the right to enjoy a mode as good as anyone else's "

In effect, the first ensures the typical American will pursue no true freedom of thought, but rather freedom from all collective responsibility or accountability (e.g. to a defined commonweal. ) This "freedom to avoid dependence" - which is to say, be "free" of the "Nanny state" has its limits.

Then there is the related issue of freedom of speech.  But especially here, hypocrisy abounds with  the Right often screaming at Leftists for  trying to censor their protected hate speech , e.g. at universities. But then they go ape shit nuts when a lefty evinces her own brand as Kathy Griffin recently did with her fake,  bloody Trump head.

But how shaky the brains of the Right when they get into high dudgeon and posturing outrage! They seem to forget what they did to the image of Obama e.g.

Image result for obama lynched images

Or:
Image result for obama lynched images

So please, don't go crying and whining about Kathy Griffin's bloody Trump severed head if you are the least bit ok with the preceding - as much of the victimized Right was in the Obama years. Or, if you accept the preceding images as expressions  of shameful but "free"  speech,   but not Griffin's.

Sadly as William Boardman has noted:

 "This episode speaks volumes about the tortured pathology of American culture in its present mindless form: freedom of thought, freedom of speech are allowed, but only if you exercise them within the walls of your invisible mental freedom prison. Otherwise you risk being an outcast. For Kathy Griffin, that risk is substantial, and it’s all too human of her to abase herself to save her career (if she can). The real sickness lies in the cultural demand for that abasement, which serves as a self-righteous cover for a deeply cowardly refusal to consider what the image means in a country where the majority of people want this presidency decapitated and are told they cannot talk about it except in officially approved and restricted ways. The official culture tries to prohibit depicting the living monster as defeated and slain.
We need to talk about that societal unwillingness to talk about that. The cruel, hideous ruler has long been a universal stereotype and reality."

Regrettably, as Boardman also notes, Griffin apologized at the "grovel" level for her stunt - something the Right's obnoxious cretins would never do. Like Great White sharks they tasted blood in the water, and this opened the door for even more feral attacks on her, just like Ward Churchill endured after his essay "On Roosting Chickens'.  This was an essay written after 9/11 that compared the investment specialists and brokers in the World Trade Center to "little Eichmanns". Every little anti-free speech dunce in Colorado went batshit crazy calling for Churchill's head,  with the university - and the Denver Post - complying in full, demanding his termination. The Post hung Churchill out to dry in a number of editorials and op-ed columns, The guy was convicted (of "plagiarism") and hung, drawn and quartered before he could ask why.  The whole episode showed the "free speech" meme for the hypocritical bollocks it was, because while someone could depict Muslims as "ragheads" in cartoons, he couldn't dare call into the question the U.S. role in inciting blowback - as Churchill did.

And who can forget the spewed hate after Colin Kaepernick took a knee for the national anthem? There we saw it again. The veiled threats that okay, this may nominally be the "land of liberty" but boy, you better had watch out which rights you exercise and look behind your damned back if it's the wrong ones!  Carrying this to outrageous extremes was a  self-proclaimed "World War II and Korean War vet" named Chris Cator who confided to Denver Post sports writer Mark Kiszla that:  "I will buy a one-way ticket for  Brandon Marshall (Broncos anthem kneeling LB)  to any foreign destination he wants."

What's the most galling and aggravating aspect of this whole aftermath, apart from some numskulls blaming it on "Trump Derangement Syndrome? The hysterical screeching of the Right that Griffin be charged with "domestic terrorism" or "making an assassination threat".  Are  you fucking kidding me? It was a tableaux prop explainable as artistic license which anyone who's read the end of 'MacBeth' would recognize - the protagonist bearing the severed head of the tyrant. E.g.  Act 5, Scene 8, lines 53-55:
[Re-enter MACDUFF, with MACBETH's head]
MACDUFFHail, king! for so thou art: behold, where stands
The usurper's cursed head: the time is free:
I see thee compass'd with
thy kingdom's pearl,
In other words, unlike the crude images of Obama lynchings by the Right,  Griffin's invoked an artistic license based on a Shakespearean play.  Of course, most righties wouldn't make any such connection because they've never read any Shakespeare plays.  In the words of William Boardman:

"This is not an actual assassination. It’s not an actual attempted assassination. It’s not even a call for assassination of or even violence against Trump. It’s a far cry from all those right-wing memes lynching Obama. This is an example of artistic license. That’s another trait of free societies. Police states hate artistic license, even when it’s literally licensed."

The fact some Reich wingers might believe Griffin's form of intense speech is a "threat" or "domestic terror"  shows how far the county has descended into a limbo of historical and literary retardation.  Hence, that so many lack ability to do even basic critical thinking whereby one is able to distinguish a stunt using a prop from a genuine threat.  What was Griffin's error, if any? In not explaining the context for her speech.  But should she be crucified for that by the lynch-prone assholes of the Right? No, just as Ward Churchill shouldn't have been crucified for his 9/11 essay by losing his professorship at Univ. of Colorado.

The  pathetic takeaway from all this? Americans talk a good game about "freedom of speech" but have not defined it to a standard that all parties can accept. This means there will always be some who exercise it - such as Kathy Griffin, Ward Churchill, and Colin Kaepernick - who will pay a disproportionate price for so doing if believed to be outside the bounds of an artificially contrived "decency".  This also factors in the inevitable hypocrisy which allows one side (usually the Right) to get away with what in other nations might be hate speech, but if the opposite side tries it, it's met with hysteria and threats.

So much for the "land of the free".

See also:

http://smirkingchimp.com/thread/william-boardman/73209/kathy-griffin-with-trumps-severed-head-sets-off-us-denial-storm

And:

http://smirkingchimp.com/thread/p-m-carpenter/73247/griffin-and-mahers-outrages-are-nothing-compared-to-that-of-trump

Excerpt:

"If we've not lost our collective mind, we have, at a minimum, lost our perspective and sense of proportion. In the wake of unquantifiable outrage over the Kathy Griffin and Bill Maher kerfuffles, such a bundled loss just might be a proper assessment. I doubt it, but it could be true that America, by and large, can no longer distinguish acts deserving of resolute disapproval from acts deserving of genuine outrage. "

Why I'm Excited About the Parker Solar Probe

No photo description available.
Artist's conception of the Parker Solar Probe which will approach within 4 million miles of the Sun.


As a long time solar researcher, I was excited to hear the NASA announcement on Wednesday to launch an unprecedented mission directly into the solar atmosphere.  That means coming within 4 million miles of the solar surface  (photosphere) and withstanding temperatures of up to 2,500 F.  In fact, I don't remember being this revved up about a solar mission since the mid-1980s when the Solar Optical Telescope was to have made ground breaking investigations - but was scuttled as a result of budget cuts. See e.g.


By contrast, the Solar Probe Plus - renamed the "Parker Solar Probe" after solar physicist Eugene Parker, is already fully funded to the tune of $1.5 billion. For perspective, this is less than half of what we waste on Afghanistan in a given month ($3.1 b).

Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for the agency's Science Mission Directorate in Washington, said in the accompanying announcement:

"This is the first time NASA has named a spacecraft for a living individual. It's a testament to the importance of his body of work, founding a new field of science that also inspired my own research and many important science questions NASA continues to study and further understand every day. I'm very excited to be personally involved honoring a great man and his unprecedented legacy."

NASA had previously named about 20 spacecraft after distinguished researchers, including major space telescopes like Hubble, Chandra and Spitzer, as well as smaller missions like Fermi.  However until now NASA had never named a spacecraft after a researcher during their lifetime.

Why is Eugene Parker so special ?  Well, to many of us who've invested segments of our lives into solar research he is seen as the father of solar physics. It was while Dr. Parker was still a budding young astrophysicist at the University of Chicago that he wrote a seminal paper in 1958 about the solar wind and its association with the interplanetary magnetic field. (Parker, E.N. : Dynamics of the interplanetary gas and magnetic fields,” 128, 664, Astrophys. J., 1958.)

The paper can be accessed in full here:

Fast forward some 21 years, to ca. 1979. Measurements over decades of the so -called Evershed effect showed the plasma motions to be radial and inwards. There did not appear to be any 'escape hatch' for the rising gas columns represented by the umbral dots. This being the case sunspots ought to heat up and reach equilibrium with the surrounding photosphere after a few days, and yet spots with umbral dots were observed to last weeks.

And so the "multiple flux tube" model of Eugene Parker was born (cf. Astrophys. J., 230, 905-13). In the diagram shown below note the geometry of the field lines extending from beneath the photosphere (in the convective zone) to far above it. The 'flaring field' on top is buoyant for reasons that have to do with the stratification of the solar atmosphere. The Wilson depression is shown as the indentations at the umbral surface on either side.

No photo description available.
Note carefully that we have, in effect, a single flux unit up to a distance 'x'  below the umbral surface. After that, the multiple flux tube structure becomes quite evident. Observe further that regions of field-free gas occur between the separate flux elements. Lastly, the arrows labeled v d indicate the direction of the convective downdraft. This downdraft has a twofold purpose in Parker's model:

I) To 'herd' separate flux tubes together and keep them together, and

2) To remove heat from beneath the sunspot

Parker in his paper (ibid.) showed that the downdraft velocity needed to remove heat from beneath a sunspot  (at a depth of 2500- 5000 km) is on the order of the Alfven velocity for this region or about 2 kilometers per second. This then is adequate to provide the observed umbral energy flux of 0.2 F o  where F o  denotes the normal photospheric flux.

The full paper can be accessed here:

http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1979ApJ...230..905P/0000905.000.html


A key fact relevant here is that heat flux and magnetic field strength is independent of sunspot area. The parameter that best helps to explain this is the vertical distance 'x'  which the model predicts is characteristic of all sunspots whether they be 4,000 km or 40,000 km across. Calculations by Parker show x = 1150 km approximately. It is the limiting distance below which an instability would occur in a single flux tube.

All of this served as an immensely useful guide when I wrote my thesis relating sunspot morphology to the occurrence of a special type of solar flare. Indeed, Parker's multiple flux tube model figured into the essential morphological characteristics when I invoked magnetic classes as one barometer for flare frequency.

From all these points of view, the use of Eugene Parker's name for this novel spacecraft is welcome and quite understandable. Indeed, the mission is a culmination of Prof. Parker's research in the fields of solar physics and heliophysics (the latter distinguished from the former on the basis of the extent of the solar wind, e.g. into the heliosphere - or the magnetically affected region that extends beyond Pluto's orbit).

The dynamics for the probe are now known in essence and entail entering a preliminary solar orbit, followed by seven flybys of Venus using its gravity to edge closer to the Sun, ultimately reaching the atmosphere at a distance of 3.8 million miles. At its peak the probe will be moving at 430,000 mph and will then commence near orbits of the Sun, making varied measurements as well as taking images - at least many of which are hopefully of coronal loops - increasing dramatically the existing resolution.  We already have a generic, hypothetical  profile for such loops, e.g.

 But we really need to refine it in order to narrow down the origin of any instability that might occur, say to release a loop flare.  Most experts on coronal loops I've spoken to at assorted solar conferences believe we need a resolution of at least 0."40 or better.  This is roughly equal to the separation of a close binary star system. (Slightly larger than the separation for Beta Cygni.)

Naturally, I'm excited because if such coronal observations are also made they would be what my own (1980s) research lacked because of the untimely scuttling of the Solar Optical Telescope owing to budget cuts. This occurred just as my research was wrapping up.

Also critical - and which I look forward to - is the enhancement of space weather forecasting potential.  Space weather phenomena include: solar flares and especially coronal mass ejections, e.g.

http://brane-space.blogspot.com/2016/12/coronal-mass-ejections-successfully.html


As we know these violent events can affect everything from electrical grids and GPS systems to the navigation controls of aircraft.  If a monster flare triggered a "central meridian"  CME we could expect adverse effects on all GPS positioning satellites. Bear in mind that GPS, besides providing directions for road users, allows synchronized cell phone conversations, as well as orchestrates air traffic not to mention 'date stamping' most financial transactions and guiding the dynamic positioning of the majority of deep sea oil drilling and gas operations.

Imagine then the same deep sea operations and financial transactions (say if you wish to redeem mutual fund shares) occurring when erroneous GPS info is received because a monster flare's radiation has knocked the timing off by even 1 millionth of a second (given the geo-spatial positioning measures accuracy to a few billionths of a second accuracy)? The resulting hundred fold or more time divergence would have catastrophic consequences.


For many of us who've been deeply involved in solar physics research, the Parker Solar Probe can't take off soon enough.

Friday, June 2, 2017

How The Withdrawal From Paris Climate Accord Will Affect the U.S. And The Planet

Related imageA new interactive Google Earth map showing the impacts of a 4°C world
"How many times do I gotta tell you? I don't care about this damned planet! Only how much money I can make off it!"

As most of us suspected, Trump yesterday confirmed that he will withdraw the US from the Paris climate agreement.  In effect, this move (likely inspired by Steve Bannon) ensures the world’s second largest emitter of greenhouse gases will quit the international effort to address dangerous global warming.

Let me be clear here that in my opinion the Paris accord was more like a kind of posturing, given it wasn't written by actual climate scientists. This is the lot who are aware of the risks of a planet subject to a radiative heating effect equivalent to 2.5 x 10 7  TJ injected each year into the atmosphere or roughly 400,000 Hiroshima size A-bombs.  Had these scientists written the 25-page document it would have excluded fluffy, fuzzy words like: aim, encouraging, striving, facilitate, assisting and mobilizing.   Indeed, only two specific goals are stated:

1) To hold the increase in the global average temperature to below 2 C by 2100.

Which has already been rendered outdated by new data that shows at least a 4C rise.

And:

2) To achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removal by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of the 21st century.

None of these was ideal, apart from the fact all the goals stated were voluntary, i.e. signed on to by 197 nations with the understanding that their agreement to the emissions cuts was entirely based on trust. But rather than simply change its stated goals, the U.S. under Trump entirely removed itself from the deal, joining Syria and Nicaragua as the only countries not party to the Paris agreement. Again, there will be no penalty for leaving, with the Paris deal based upon the premise of voluntary emissions reductions by participating countries.

Invoking the sort of cretinous codswallop for which he's famous, Trump said yesterday in the White House rose garden :

"In order to fulfil my solemn duty to the United States and its citizens, the US will withdraw from the Paris climate accord, but begin negotiations to re-enter either the Paris accords or a really entirely new transaction, on terms that are fair to the United States,”

Adding:

“We will start to negotiate, and we will see if we can make a deal that’s fair. If we can, that’s great. If we can’t, that’s fine.”

But really the only one the U.S. can possibly negotiate with is itself!  The very notion of "renegotiation" of the Treaty is ludicrous given that each nation has already voluntarily set its own goals.  In the case of the U.S.  that would mean re-doing the original target of reducing emissions between 26 and 28 percent (below 2005 levels) by 2025.  Rather than withdraw like a bloody idiot, Trump could just have said we will instead aim for 15% or 20% of  2005 emissions by 2025. He essentially has tossed the baby out with the bathwater and cost the U.S. hundreds of thousands of renewable energy jobs in the process. As a reference marker, there were 260,000 solar energy -related jobs created last year compared to 53,000 for coal. China plans a $361 b investment in renewable energy by 2020.  This is projected to create 13 million new jobs for the Chinese middle and working classes, most starting at an equivalent of U.S. $15/hr. WHO do you think will be the big winner by the U.S. backing out?

Thus, the bottom line is that it is the U.S. economy that will be most seriously hit, even before the inevitable climate consequences kick in. (Most experts predict about 3 billion tons of additional CO2 in the atmosphere per year, and 0.5C of increased mean global temperatures by 2050. If we're already on a track to hit 3.0 C, that would mean 3.5 C instead and likely more than enough to melt most of what's left of Antarctica as well as Greenland. The Arctic having been melted down long before.)

Even if the U.S. did what it promised under the Treaty it is clear that all the above would merely be postponed, but it would be better than doing nothing and as I noted, the economic consequences are huge as well.  Trump, hitting his best fake blather form, also told the crowd outside the White House:

“The fact that the Paris deal hamstrings the United States while empowering some of the world’s top polluting countries should expel any doubt as to why foreign lobbyists should wish to keep our beautiful country tied up and bound down … That’s not going to happen while I’m president, I’m sorry.”

Which is a total misrepresentation. The Paris "deal" hamstrings no one, no nation,  because it is based on each nation's having accepted emissions goals it designated for itself.   This,  again, discloses Trump has no use for truth and his only response is to justify his outrageous actions through lies,  deceit and dog whistle bull pockey to energize his daft supporters.

Barack Obama, issued a rare statement saying the new administration had joined “a small handful of nations that reject the future”. But he said that U.S. states, cities and businesses “will step up and do even more to lead the way, and help protect for future generations the one planet we’ve got”. Former vice-president Al Gore called the move “reckless and indefensible”, while among the business leaders to express regret over the move was Jeff Immelt -  chair and CEO of General Electric  - who said “climate change is real” and “industry must now lead”.

Typical of his fondness for schmaltz and fake optics, Trump spoke after being introduced by a warm-up band playing the George Gershwin classic Summertime, and argued that the Paris agreement disadvantaged the U.S. to the benefit of other countries, leaving workers and taxpayers to absorb the costs and suffer job losses and factory closures.

Again, all lies. In fact, what it will cost the U.S. is an estimated two million green, renewable energy jobs. Most of those would have benefited Trump's own followers, voters in the industrial states.  According to Prof John Schellnhuber, a climate scientist and former adviser to the EU, Angela Merkel and the pope, the U.S. will be actually be the primary  loser from its withdrawal. He said:

  “It will not substantially hamper global climate progress but it will hurt the American economy and society alike.  China and Europe have become world leaders on the path towards green development already and will strengthen their position if the US slips back. The Washington people around Trump fail to recognize that the climate wars are over, while the race for sustainable prosperity is on.”

Trump’s decision also risks destabilizing the Paris deal, with remaining participants faced with the choice of trying to make up the shortfall in emissions cuts or following the U. S.  lead and abandoning the agreement entirely. The U.S. emissions reduction pledge was to account for a fifth of the global emissions by 2030. An analysis by not-for-profit group Climate Interactive showed that a regression to “business as usual” emissions by the U.S. could warm the world by an additional 0.3C by 2100.   This is almost certainly an underestimate. Indeed, to keep global temperatures from rising to only that modest increment and no more, man-made emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be reduced to zero by 2050. Ain't gonna happen, especially with only voluntary limits.

The most hilarious brain burp from Trump:

“I was elected to represent the citizens of Pittsburgh, not Paris.”

This elicited the following response from Bill Peduto, the Mayor of Pittsburgh, to its citizens:

"The false hope that you're being spoon fed by the president isn't going to rebuild our region. If our economy is going to advance in the twenty first century then we have to decide if we're going to be a part of it. Or if we're going to be left behind."

And he also advised the Donald not to speak for him or his city, as Pittsburgh plans to do all it can to make the emissions cuts as underscored by the agreement.

Undoubtedly, the withdrawal is a victory for the nationalist ideologues in Trump’s administration, such as his strategist Steve Bannon. These fools have argued the Paris deal undermines an “America first” approach, harms domestic coal production and hinders efforts to repeal Barack Obama-era regulations such as the Clean Power Plan.  But again, if you knew (and now you do - see above) that 263,000 solar energy jobs were created last year in the U.S. compared to 53,000 for coal, which way would you go?  Better, how in the hell does costing this nation millions of new jobs translate into "America First"?  Of the 2.6 million new jobs (e.g. wind turbine technician) in renewable energy that have been created in the past five years in the U.S.,,  half have been in the states that Trump won. How will he now explain the possible loss of those jobs?

Imagine then U.S. solar firms now going abroad to try to sell more solar systems and being greeted by skeptics - whether in Germany, Barbados or other places who say: "Well, you guys and your President just walked away from future deals. You're not committed to real green energy change!"

This is exactly why hundreds of large businesses, including Apple, Google and Walmart, also threw their weight behind the deal, with even fossil fuel firms such as ExxonMobil, BP and Shell supporting the accord as the best way to transition to a low-carbon economy and stave off the perils of climate change.. Now, in one fell swoop, Trump has obliterated all of that.

Another ideological imp behind the withdrawal was Scott Pruitt, the Environmental Protection Agency head who has called Paris a “bad deal” that should be discarded.  Clearly, here's an idiot that needs to be educated about this country's already extensive investments in alternative energy jobs from solar energy engineer to wind turbine technician.

In his speech, Trump sought to frame his decision as part of this nationalist agenda, saying:

“The Paris agreement handicaps the United States economy in order to win praise from the very foreign capitals and global activists that have long sought to gain wealth at our country’s expense,”

Again, no external entity is doing anything at "America's expense". The national emissions cuts were agreed to by each country on its own, no external agency or committee forced it.

In a bid to calm the frayed nerves of countries most at risk from rising temperatures, the EU and China announced an alliance to stay the course earlier on Wednesday. Their joint declaration called climate change a “national security issue” and a “multiplying factor of social and political fragility.” The Paris pact is a “historic achievement” and “irreversible”, the document says.

Former CIA acting director Michael Morrell put it thusly:

"When I think of the world and the threats to the preservation of the nation there are only three. The first is nuclear war with Russia, the second is a natural catastrophe from a biological agent, and the third is climate change. If this goes through and the next president doesn't change it then it's going to have serious national security implications."

As for the U.S. and its future fortunes, John Kerry put it best:

"This step does not make America first, it makes America last."

See also:

http://smirkingchimp.com/thread/p-m-carpenter/73228/climate-change-isnt-the-hoax-trump-is

Thursday, June 1, 2017

Could Spiders Really Eat All Humans On Earth In One Year?


Face of the Bold Jumper Spider - amongst the most 'dignified' of arachnids, though wifey disagrees.

Time to change the subject from Trumpism and move out of Trump World, at least for a time! Everyone needs a break from the endless political news cycle, after all. What better subject to move to than our  ubiquitous, eight -legged friend, the spider?

Four days ago as we were leaving for an appointment, Janice summarily stepped on a small spider trying to gain entrance to our abode, saying: "Sorry, Spidey, but not in our house!"   I asked her how she could commit such a dastardly deed on such an interesting little critter,  and added: "What if the first ever advanced aliens that visit Earth have the appearance of spiders?"

She replied without blinking: "Well, then I guess it will have to be interplanetary war."

The fact is that the Earth is as much the home of spiders - thousands of varieties - as it is for humans. One  recent entomological survey in North Carolina homes found - if that survey is any guide - the eight-legged critters are literally all around us. The tally came up with 100 percent of NC homes having spiders (often dozens), including 68 percent lurking in bathrooms (I often find them in the shower or scurrying near the toilet bowl), and more than three quarters in bedrooms.

My basic approach is not to kill them, unless it happens to be a Brown Recluse or Black Widow. I regard them as useful predators for insects such as flies, mosquitoes etc.  Janice's attitude is 180 degrees opposite, if she sees one she kills it. It's like a knee jerk reaction. This may have derived from a nasty spider bite she got while we were on a visit to Vermont (Rochester),  in 1998. The little beastie crawled up onto her and bit her on the neck leaving a smallish red welt that lasted for weeks. She never forgot or forgave the arachnid transgression. Her main regret was not catching it and becoming its judge, jury, executioner.

Anyway, according to spider biologists the planet's spider population has a collective weight of 29 million tons. That's roughly about the same as 478 Titanics.  They eat mostly insects, although some of the larger species have been known to snack on lizards, birds and even small mammals.  To fix ideas, I once observed a college roommate feed a small Anole lizard to a pet Tarantula. It was not a pretty sight. (It more or less stayed away from me, as I kept a pet gator.)

Here's another interesting fact: the world's spiders consume somewhere between 400 million and 800 million tons of prey in any given year. That means that spiders eat at least as much meat as all 7 billion humans on the planet combined,  If this is so, one may inquire if it is also possible that all those spiders gobbling all those tons of prey could gobble all the world's humans too - that is, assuming they had a yen and potential to do so.

To answer that question, two European biologists, Martin Nyffeler and Klaus Birkhofer published their estimates in the journal the Science of Nature.   To fix ideas, the total biomass of all adult humans on Earth was estimated to be 287 million tons. So, even if you tack on another 70 million tons tons to account for the weight of kids, it's still not equal to the total amount of food eaten by spiders in a given year. Thus the meat consumed by spiders exceeds the total biomass of humans.

In other words, spiders could eat all of us and still be hungry. When I read that from a recent article to Janice, she merely shrugged her shoulders and responded: "I knew you couldn't trust the little bastards! So when I see them I kill them!"

Aaarrrgh!   She was also skeptical of the figures both in the authors' original paper and in several subsequent articles including one appearing  in The Denver Post, and one in the Barbados Nation -when we were there the last week of April and first of May.

I pointed out that to arrive at the "magic"  number Nyffler and Birkhofer did a lot of sophisticated estimation based on existing research into A) how many spiders live in a square meter of land for all the main habitat types on Earth, and B) the average amount of food consumed by spiders of different sizes in a given year.

These numbers yielded some interesting factoids on their own. For instance, one study estimated that global average spider density stands at about 131 spiders per square meter. Some habitats, like deserts and tundra, are home to fewer spiders. On the other hand, spider densities of 1,000 or more individuals per square meter have been observed under certain “favorable” conditions — since Nyffler and Birkhofer don't define what “favorable” means in this context, I'm going to assume it refers to dark, dusty places like the area under my bed.

I also informed Janice that she ought to be glad that spiders' voracity actually works out to mankind's benefit. This is given that they primarily feast on bugs, their hunger means fewer pests in the garden, fewer mosquitoes in the yard and fewer flies in the house. Her reply? "Meh."

For now, I will have to act as the spiders' self-proclaimed protector in our home, and hope wifey doesn't catch too many of them scurrying about - seeking any corner for safe harbor.