Tuesday, March 25, 2014

Solutions: Non -Euclidean Geometry Problems


1) Given that a = 1, b= 2, k = 1 and we need to find c.

 
We have:  cosh(c/k) = cosh (a/k) cosh(b/k)

 
Or: Letting k = 1:

 
cosh(c) = cosh (a) cosh(b)


cosh(c) = cosh(1) cosh(2) = (1.543)(3.762) = 5.804

 

Take the inverse hyperbolic cosine:

 
cosh-1(c) = cosh-1(5.804)  = c

 
Or:

 
c =  2.444

 
The ratio of the sines of the non-Euclidean angles A, B is given by:

 
sin (A)/ sin(B) = {(sinh(a/k)/ sinh(b/k)}

 
so that, since k = 1:

 
 sin (A)/ sin(B) = {(sinh(a) / sinh(b)}

 
sin (A)/ sin(B) = {sinh (1)/ sinh (2)}

 
where: sinh(1) = 1.175 and sinh(2) = 3.626

 
Therefore:


sin (A)/ sin(B) =  (1.175)/ (3.626) =  0.323

 

2) We compute the ratio x/k = 2 (i.e. 1.0 / 0.5 = 2.0;  0.5/ 0.25 = 2.0 etc.)

 
Then: exp (- x/ k) =   exp (-2) =  0.1353=     1 / (exp(2))

 
But the curvature: k = -1/ k2

 
To conform with: 1 / (exp(x/k)) = 1 (exp (2)) we must have k = 1 (positive real no.)

 
Therefore: k = -1/ k2    =  -1 / (1) 2  =  -1

 
Hence, the curvature is negative, and the space is hyperbolic.

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