Brandy Zadrozny fancies herself a kind of 'new wave'
conspiracy reporter, now digging into the morass of right wing conspiracy
theories in her podcast series 'The Deep End'- as she did last night on ALL In,
But then dragging in the JFK assassination, about which she clearly knows little to nothing. In her segment on Chris Hayes ALL In she analogized the plethora of theories that grew out of the Kirk killing last September, to "second shooter" conspiracy theories in the JFK assassination. This also followed her JFK references in an earlier NBC piece (after the attempted assassination of Trump):
"The assassination attempt on Donald Trump unleashed a flood of unfounded conspiracy theories from the right and the left: that the shooting was part of a deep state coup, or that it was staged by the former president himself to win sympathy and the election.
One conspiracy theory has undergirded both, however: that there was a second shooter, positioned on a nearby water tower. A modern version of the discredited grassy knoll conspiracy theory — which posited that Lee Harvey Oswald was aided in assassinating President John F. Kennedy by another shooter atop a nearby hill
There is no "discredited grassy knoll" conspiracy and if Ms. Zadrozny had done even minimal research in this area she would not have trotted out such benighted twaddle. The fact she did merely displays her massive ignorance about what occurred in that pivotal 20th century assassination - which bears zero resemblance to what happened to Charlie Kirk.
A bit of digging on her part would have revealed the contributions of acoustics analysts Mark Weiss and Ernest Aschkenasy, of Queens College, who reviewed the data and concluded that:
"with the probability of 95% or better, there was indeed a shot fired from the grassy knoll".
They detected four gunshots on the tape, and the two acoustic physicists told the House Subcommittee on Assassinations (HSCA) that they believed the kill shot came from the grassy knoll — not the Texas School Book Depository.
This, by the way, also formed the basis of the HSCA conclusion that the assassination was a conspiracy with 95% probability.
The HSCA original team of acoustic physicists, in fact, methodically matched specific gun impulses in the acoustic record to the (precisely timed) evident impacts visible in the Zapruder film, In the course of doing this, they traced the final (4th impulse) to the head shot - and that it most plausibly originated from the grassy knoll, NOT the Texas Book Depository.
The conclusion of four separate shots then coincides with 4 impacts visible in the Z-film, and the reactions therein. The acoustic impulses were retested in a 2001 investigation by D.B. Thomas ('Echo Correlation Analysis and the Acoustic Evidence in the Kennedy Assassination Revisited' ) and published in the Journal Science and Justice., Vol. 41, p. 21, 2001. The impulses are shown below, with the four highest amplitude peaks associated with rifle muzzle blasts (an association I will justify subsequently):
Thomas treated both the test evidence and actual data from the
original date- aware of the same misgivings that Zadrozny now superficially claims. Thomas'
re- test evidence was obtained in August, 1978 when a test shot was fired
in Dallas’ Dealey Plaza to provide a fiducial mark for the Grassy
Knoll shot – such that it could be compared with the impulse record obtained on
Nov. 22, 1963 and also how this mark lined up to events recorded on the
Zapruder film. Thus, the test evidence (mainly in terms of echoes and echo
delay times received via an echogram from a test shot (See Thomas' Fig. 1) is
essentially used to confirm the microphone recording & positions for the
shots made on the actual date, by resort to microphones placed at the same (or
approximately so) locations.
The hypergeometric p-function was used for differing weighting
factor distribution sets, H{M..N, n, i} to assess significance or
likelihood of occurrence. It's based on the no. of echo
'windows' M, with each spanning 190msec (total time)
at 2msec width per window and n for assigned impulses in the
evidence pattern, with 'i' the "coincident impulses" or those
matching the original (11/22/63)evidence and the test result. The question was
whether a succession of first impulses of given amplitude could be manifesting
a signal or was merely random noise.
Thomas found that for a given
configuration for 2 motorcycles at designated locations, 1 for (GK) shooter
location and one for alignment of muzzle blasts with one pair of echoes, the p
-value is 0.000012 or about 1 in 100,000 against the null hypothesis, i.e. that
the impulses were from random noise. An alternative way to put this is that the
odds are 100,000 to 1 in favor of the impulses being actual
rifle shots. (Not motorcycle backfires.)
For the test shot, using Thomas' sonar model and the
muzzle velocity for a Norma 6.5mm Mannlicher-Carcano (which is very doubtful
that the GK shooter used), one arrives at a 171 msec time for the shock wave to
take the defined path to the microphone, from a distance of 28.3m. One must add
the time taken for the putative bullet to travel the distance to the time for
the shock wave. In this case: 126 msec + 45 msec. The first parameter is
relatively fixed since the distance from bullet to test microphone is fixed at
44.2m and the speed of sound defined for the sonar model was 350 m/s. The
geometry used by Thomas (op. cit.) is shown below:
The second component will alter depending on the muzzle
velocity. A German Mauser, with muzzle velocity not much greater
than 760 m/s will have its bullet traverse the 28.3 m distance
in 37 msec, so that the time will now be: 126 msec + 37 msec or 163 msec, which
is some 8 msec shorter. If the rifle used is now a Remington Fireball with
muzzle velocity 825 m/s then the total time becomes: t1 + t2 = 126 msec + 34
msec = 160 msec, or 3 msec shorter still.
In the “analytically determined” schema (e.g. actual data obtained on
11/22/63), all the above values change slightly. For example, the distance to
Kennedy (from the GK shooter) becomes 30.5 m, and the speed of sound is 342 m/s
given the air temperature was 18 C (64.4 F) at the time of the
assassination. The distance from the (GK) assassin to the nearest motorcycle
was 67 m leading to the muzzle blast arriving at the motorcycle some Delta t =
[67m/ 342 m/s] = 196 msec, after the shot. When air resistance is corrected for
by + 11.5% (from the shooter location) the muzzle velocity resulting becomes
748 m/s (using a starting assumed bullet speed of 672 m/s). Because of a
shooter “location uncertainty” of +/- 1.5 m (A<-> A') the muzzle
velocity uncertainty is at least +/- 32m/s, so one is left with a range of: 748
+/- 32 m/s. Assuming Thomas’ parameters are correct, then this excludes a
Remington Fireball as the potential candidate weapon, but it does permit either a
German Mauser or a .30-30 Winchester.
The bottom line is that Thomas' investigation soundly reconfirmed the original acoustic tests and that the kill shot came from the grassy knoll. Note, however, this diverged from the HSCA take that the shot came from the rear (Texas School Book Depository). Many investigators (e.g. Gaeton Fonzi, The Last Investigation) have complained bitterly about this tomfoolery, and that the HSCA didn't want to diverge too much from the WC. In most researchers' minds it amounted to trying to 'square the circle' given the evidence, which we will get to.
Thanks to researcher Richard Charnin from his blog- we also have an image of the grassy knoll assassin:
The majority of JFK assassination researchers accept that it shows the shooter attired (for deception) as a Dallas police officer. In fact, it may actually have been notorious French hit man Jean Souetre:
who may well be the "stateless soldier of fortune and criminal"( 'WI/Rogue') described by former CIA Director Richard Helms when Helms was questioned by the Church Committee (1975).
Whoever the grassy knoll assassin was (WI/ROGUE or QJ/WIN), it's clear the HSCA finding of a rear kill shot is absurd. Indeed, by simply examining the actual autopsy photo (below right), this nonsense is put to rest.
Anyone whose done basic college physics knows that - based on conservation of linear momentum - you cannot have the rear of a human skull blown out by a rear shot. Rather the linear momentum of a bullet fired from the FRONT will blow out the rear of the skull.
This transfer of momentum is also graphically confirmed in the Zapruder frame showing Jackie arching across the limo trunk. She is attempting to retrieve a skull fragment as stated in her Warren Commission secret testimony, e.g.
"If you need somebody to carry out murder I guess you had a man who might be prepared to carry it out.”
Speaking of which, we now know in retrospect the Warren Commissioners used the fake photo of the JFK head autopsy- above left- to try to make people believe the shot came from behind, i.e. the Texas School Book Depository. Note also, the actual rear shot hit Kennedy in the middle of the upper back. Bullet hole in suit coat to prove it, but the suit coat was destroyed, e.g.
Interestingly the upper shoulder strike comports with the original Warren Exhibit- a sketch by WC artist H.A. Rydberg -on the bullet direction.
Note the upper inclined arrow (from the upper shoulder) through Kennedy’s throat marks the original placement. This was done in order to simultaneously account for the (actual) upper back wound (5.5. inches below the tip of the right mastoid process) and the throat wound without adding an extra shot (entry from front) , which would have pointed to conspiracy (i.e. at least two shooters).
Thus the "single bullet" or "magic bullet" theory is manifest.
But Warren Commissioner Gerald Ford soon realized he needed to change the angle and placement (on JFK's back) else it would require someone firing from street level (blue arrow), as opposed to firing from the Texas School Book Depository. Ford's "genius" - if it could be called that - was to raise the bullet's path by 5.5. inches- leading to a downward sloping angle for a bullet from the School Book Depository to ALSO make the throat wound (thereby eliminating a frontal 4th shot.) The problem is that Ford had to violate the original autopsy report from Admiral George Burkley, to accomplish this manipulation. The original autopsy report read:
“A bullet had entered his back at a point slightly above the shoulder to the right of the spine."
Ford altered it to read:
“A bullet had entered the back of his neck slightly to the right of the spine."
The deliberate act of manipulation was reported decades later by the NY Times.
Clearly Brandy Zadrozny is no serious JFK assassination researcher - likely merely culling her blather from actual discredited fare - such as Gerald Posner's 'Case Closed' and Vince Bugliosi's 'Reclaiming History'. Like those two colossal misfires, Zadrozny was not savvy or informed enough to factor in any of the cited alterations, i.e. as part of the JFK assassination coverup. Which makes me wonder if she even read the Warren Commission Report (or the HSCA Report)
What D.B. Thomas did then, was to rectify the disparity with his own
investigation and trace the head shot correctly to where the HSCA ought to have
tracked it, had they the courage to do so. (Which, if they'd done this, would
also have eliminated Oswald as the killer, since he'd been claimed to have been
at the TBSD not the grassy knoll.)
Let me now address the issue of the nature or signature of the
impulses shown in Fig. 1. Are they "noise", motorcycle backfires, or
actual rifle shots? The clue is the steepness of the 4 highest peaks
which the original MIT physicists associated with gun shot impulses. The
technical term is that each impulse conforms to a Dirac delta function
(e.g. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_delta_function
). The point is such extreme profiles would not be confused with any white
noise, distant motorcycles or backfires or the like. It is precisely the
timing spaces between these four major impulses in the acoustic record which
led the MIT physicists to conclude gun shots - FOUR in all- and
then tie them chronologically to the action in the Zapruder film - leading
to four shots fired (the upper back shot - from behind, the missed shot near
James Tague, the shot wounding Connally in the wrist, and the head shot). The
imprint for the missed (Tague) shot is shown below:
For what it's worth, I reiterate Harrison Livingstone's remark
that "only an idiot" would accept or believe that the truth or
falsity of conspiracy rests exclusively on the acoustic record. ('Killing
Kennedy and the Hoax of the Century, Carroll & Graf Publishers,
1995 )
There is simply too much supplemental supporting evidence, i.e. including
from the ballistics, the additional films taken that day, e.g. Nix film, and
the actual autopsy photos, as well as skull radiographs and the
negative test results from the purported Oswald weapon by a team of
sharpshooters appointed by the Warren Commission. Not to mention the
inordinately improbable deaths of witnesses, see e.g.
Lastly, nearly all serious researchers dispute that Lee
Oswald had any role at all in the hit. More than likely he'd been set up as the
patsy to allow the actual perps to escape, by telling him he'd be the one to
help expose the plot. But, by the time the head shot had transpired, he knew
he'd been played, and he was the decoy - soon to be nailed. Author James
Douglass (JFK and the Unspeakable) conjectures Lee became
the patsy after he likely called the Chicago FBI to expose the earlier (Nov.
2nd) plot that nailed Thomas Arthur Vallee.
One thing we do know after her performance last night, is that Brandy Zadrozny is not a serious JFK assassination researcher - but more a dilettante like Tina Brown - who also tried to spike the Grassy knoll over a decade ago, i.e.
Tina Brown: “Grassy Knoll Craziness”? How About Tina Brown IDIOCY?
Anyone who can't discern a rear shot from a frontal shot, by inspection of the actual autopsy photo, has no business commenting on anything to do with the JFK assassination, period.
See Also:
Dallas Journalists Need To Grow Up And Face The Reality of Conspiracy In Kennedy Assassination
And:
And:
And:
And:
The Assassination Sequence from Executive Action.
And:
Skeptics Society Still Tilting At JFK Conspiracy "Windmills"
And:
And:
The Southern Poverty Law Center: Still In Over Its Head On the JFK Assassination
And:
HBO's John Oliver Blows It Conflating JFK Assassination With Kooky COVID Conspiracies
And:
And:
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