Wednesday, November 4, 2020

Biden Now Looks To Be A Shoo-In For Next President - As Trump Turns Tinpot Dictator


 "If Biden wins — and we may not know for days — it may be by just a sliver of votes in several key battleground states. Although he’ll likely win the popular vote, there will be no landslide — no overwhelming majority telling Trump and those around him that enough was enough: Be gone with you and never bring that kind of politics of division back to this country again."  - Thomas Friedman, 'There Was A Loser Last Night: It Was Ameica'.  NY Times

"Trump showed us the tinpot dictator  he truly is when he went off script during an address at two in the morning and demanded no more ballots be counted."  - John Heileman, on Morning Joe'

That Trump is a tinpot dictator wannabe should be news to no one with any sentience.  We saw that play out again early in the morning as Donnie Doh-Turd tried to claim a premature victory despite ballots still being counted in several battleground states- especially Michigan and Pennsylvania - which the maggot won in 2016.   E.g. 

by P.M. Carpenter | November 4, 2020 - 8:45am | permalink


But this is the orange bastard's shtick and why he likely won't go quietly into that dark night.  As George Stephanopoulos noted  on ABC  ('Good Morning America')this morning, he'd rather sow division and make threats than adhere to the democratic process of counting all votes. (And yet, hypocrite that he is, he demands all ballots continue to be counted in Arizona where Biden hold a 4-plus point lead.)

Now, truth be told, last night did not go as many of us wanted or expected.  I was actually foolish enough to expect a landslide early Biden 'W' given he's going against a dung heap, dumpster fire, no count incompetent who's allowed over 232,000 fellow citizens to perish on his watch, from Covid 19.   But hey!  I admit my folly now and absurd expectation that the vast majority of Americans would have come to their senses and totally repudiated this POS.  They didn't, making it far too close with same day Trumpkin turnout - thereby validating  H.L. Mencken's famous saying:

"Nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people."

That is given how many latent Trumpkins - clearly not factored into polls- crawled out of the national woodwork  yesterday to not only make this race much closer than the polls forecast, but skittered the expectation we'd take back the Senate.  (Which up to now is up in the air, given we're two R- flips short.)   But more on that tomorrow when I launch into my 'Diatribes and Digressions' about this election.

Back to Joe Biden.  Despite the hand wringing by many liberals and Dems that last night's events did not match expectations, it looks like Biden will snatch the presidency - never mind Trump's infantile eruptions. (Sure to get worse as we head to a final Pennsylvania mail ballot count by next Tuesday -  the deadline for the military and overseas ballots to be counted.  But forget him trying to drag the Supremes into it. Not going to happen, especially in terms of stopping an ongoing valid election count.)  Despite that, the dastardly Reeps are trying to have challenged thousands of mail ballots from Philly which were "cured", i.e.  errors corrected.   Evidently the Reeptards never processed that "curing" is part of the mail ballot process - as it is here in Colorado.  See:

Biden'e electoral vote count currently stands at 238, Trump is at 213.  Biden has a much easier and more varied path to 270, and we can show using the probable states he will win, how he gets to that winning number.    Much credit here goes to MSNBC's Steve Kornacki who did an excellent in-depth analysis into the numbers in 3 states: Nevada (6 electoral votes), Wisconsin (10 electoral votes) and Michigan (16 electoral votes).

As Kornacki showed  Biden's Nevada's lead looks solid and we can safely reckon it into Biden's column. Wisconsin, albeit nail biting close also is going to Biden. Finally, Trump's early (same day vote) lead in Michigan has already vanished, thanks to mail ballots now being counted, i.e. in Wayne County, and as Kornacki showed many more votes from black areas will be coming in to increase the Biden lead. So we can even say at this point Michigan will come back into the blue column after Trump stole it in 2016.

Now, add up those electoral votes from these three states: 

6 + 10 + 16 32.

Now, add them to Biden's existing total:  238 +   32 =   270    

So Biden hits the magic number of 270.  Why is this important?  Well, because William McGrurn (of WSJ hack stable fame) proclaimed on FOX this morning the Pennsylvania mail  ballot extension (given via earlier Supreme Court stay ruling) can be "relitigated"  via the newly minted 6-3 conservo -leaning court - thanks to Amy Coney Barrett now on it. According to McGurn:

"They (Supreme Court) earlier rejected the Republican request for a stay, so that can be revisited. And we now have Amy Coney Barrett on the court, so that can change a lot. You know, Pennsylvania and other states invited this."

If McGurn's contention proves correct, say before Friday the court takes it up, it really won't matter once Biden snatches the three states noted above, because he will already have hit the magic 270.  So all the Repukes will be doing is preventing Biden from padding his lead, but not preventing him from getting the presidency.

Let us also note here that Joe Biden has so far won 70.7 million votes across the nation, according to the Associated Press tally, breaking the previous record held by former President Barack Obama in the 2008 election.  By comparison Trump has won 3 million less, or 67.7 million. Another big popular vote win for the Dems! 

Stay tuned, my friends!  Yes, it's a bummer we may not get the Senate, but at this point I will still be elated at seeing the orange fungus leaving office- and the tears now flowing from his cult followers!

See Also:

Trump campaign mounts legal barrage in three states


And:


And:

    Tuesday, November 3, 2020

    Buckle Up, Hold Tight And Tune Out Trump's "Fraud!" Dog Whistles & Phony Deadlines

    My Mail Ballot Acceptance notice from Colorado Tracking Website


     "The consequences of four years of fabulism are coming into focus as President Trump argues that the vote itself is inherently “rigged,” tearing at the credibility of the system. Should the contest go into extra innings through legal challenges after Tuesday, it may leave a public with little faith in the outcome — and in its own democracy.

    The nightmarish scenario of widespread doubt and denial of the legitimacy of the election would cap a period in American history when truth itself has seemed at stake under a president who has strayed so far from the normal bounds that he creates what allies call his own reality.-  Peter Baker, Sunday NY Times, 'Dishonesty Has Defined The Trump Presidency - The Consequences Could Be Lasting."

    "This election is a battle between a pro-democracy majority and an anti-democracy minority.  This is a fight for majority rule in this country to wrest control from a minority of  Trumpists. A minority that has governed with disastrous and corrupt consequences.  

    They know they are not going to win a majority of the vote. So stopping people from voting, or stopping votes from being counted is the Trump campaign's only viable option for victory." - Chris Hayes, on ALL In, Thursday.

    "Never before in modern presidential politics has a candidate been so reliant on wide scale efforts to depress the votes as Trump." - Politico, Thursday

    "Joe Biden leads in all national polls and most battleground states, but many Democrats are still sweating bullets in fear. That immovable approval rating shows that Trump has an electoral path to do it again, defeating a more popular opponent by appealing to conservative white voters in rural and suburban areas whose votes are hugely overvalued compared to people in big cities and major coastal states, thanks to the anachronistic and anti-democratic design of the Electoral College." - Amanda Marcotte, Salon.com, today

    "The Associated Press has been counting the votes in US elections for more than 170 years, but this is the first year the news agency is actively preparing to contradict the president on election night."- Sally Buzbee, Executive Editor of The Associated Press, in The Financial Times,, October 29.

     I related to Janice - at the height of her "PTSD"  (from 2016)  2 days ago- that I anticipated a Biden blowout win over Donald Trump.  She protested that: "the polls are too tight" for that (i.e. in battleground  states) but I simply reminded her of what former Obama strategist  David Plouff said a day earlier (on ALL In): "The polls are garbage".  He reiterated that data and the "facts on the ground" are what count more than polls, and that combination  currently shows a Biden romp - including Florida falling to his column on Tuesday night.

    Of course, this is not to say many things still can't go awry - especially given the skewed Electoral College and Trump-Reepo voter suppression tactics.  But the early voting - including the younger adult votes up 600 % in Texas alone - bodes very well for Democratic expectations.  Especially as 64% of those early young voters are going Biden's way.  Still, if by some fluke the election turns out to be much closer than I predict,  we may be in for a long night, and even a long week and longer month.

    The unprecedented importance of mail-in ballots in 2020 has set the scene for legal wrangling over what votes should be counted or discarded. Signature verification and postmarks showing when the ballot was in the mail are set to be two fiercely contested questions.  Needless to say, Janice and I are glad we completed our (Colorado) mail ballots almost as soon as we got them and deposited both in  secure drop box, e.g.   

    But you can be certain Trump and his hirelings will do their best to challenge mail ballots in many other states, especially the battleground ones new to mail voting (in such huge proportions).   They will do this because - as Chris Hayes pointed out (top quote) it is the only rational way they have to prevail.  They need to lessen, mitigate total votes entered to have any chance - because the sane majority is greater than their knuckle dragger minority.   This is why even now a 'ton' of voter suppression efforts have come through the courts. The Trump campaign and legal toadies are flooding the courts with lawsuits to try and stop votes from being counted and people casting votes.  

     Their only chance then is to hope the votes are close on election night or else - if Trump manages to get an early lead -  this will trigger him yelping "I win!" before all votes are counted.   Of course, viewers need to process that this is total nonsense since no real winner is possible until votes are certified.   He knows any ambiguity - which he will try to sow  -  may set the stage for a court battle, a la  Bush v. Gore in 2000. That things could get messy indeed if the voting is close, is evident when one sees how many barriers have already been erected, and that one state won't even commence counting until the day after the election!   

    The key point for people to bear in mind, is that we may be in prolonged process of state by state tabulation which may not end for days or weeks. Thus, viewers'  need to wrap their brains  around the extended temporal template and accept it as it unfolds, and not allow impatience to creep in. Or worse, allow Trump's caterwauling and pleading to get into their heads.  Just remember he's a crybaby and pissant, so you take whatever he says with the proverbial  grain of salt.  Again, it is well to bear in mind this warning from Tim O'Brien of Bloomberg News

    "In theory early voting should help make counting easier.  But more than a dozen states, including battlegrounds such as Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, don't allow early ballots to be counted until election day.  Because counting mail ballots is more laborious this slows thigs down."

    Given many more millions have voted by mail in this election that means things could be slowed down a lot.  But we cannot mentally allow Trump to use this normal delay to heap distrust on the process, which means we change the channel or turn the TV off whenever we see him baiting the networks with any premature calls.

    Trump will try to use this to set the stage for challenging further vote counts, especially if he's ahead by even a smidgeon this evening.  Indeed, one Oxford professor  - writing in The Financial Times ( 'The World Must Prepare for a Contested U.S. Election') has warned we need to be prepared for a contested shit show.    As he puts it:

    "Democracies everywhere must prepare for the contingency of a contested result in the most important U.S. election in living memory.  ...The situation today is much worse than in 2000. Because of Covid-19, more than half of all voters are considering voting by post. That would make things difficult even if the U.S. had a climate of Buddhist calm. But its political and media landscape is now so hyper-polarised that each side has its own facts, which for the other are not facts at all. 

    U.S. president Donald Trump has been furiously sowing distrust of the legitimacy of the electoral process, and especially of postal votes. “This will be the most corrupt Election in American History!”, he tweeted recently. "

    But look, we all damned well know Trump's game - at least those with IQs over room temperature.  That is, he knows the only way he can pull this one out of his ass is if he claims the election is "rigged" and mail ballots in particular must not be counted after tonight.  He will also try to finagle bringing a specious case before the newly packed Supreme Court.   Trump is also counting on acolytes to help him pull off an election theft.  I'm talking about benighted zealots like Catherine Engelbrecht of  True the Vote infamy.   

    For those unaware, True the Vote has been one of the Repukes' primary machines to promote Democratic voter suppression.  For example, they've trained volunteers to serve as poll watchers and election workers. They've also pushed for tougher voter ID laws, and filed lawsuits against counties that it deems negligent in cleaning their voter rolls.   Declaring a voter "ineligible" if he or she misses even one election.  Imagine disenfranchising a voter on such a flimsy basis.

    Engelbrecht  herself is a paranoid conspiracy monger who is particularly suspicious of mail ballots.   According to a recent FT piece, she blabbered:    “These are revolutionary Marxists that are attempting to destroy our elections,  destroy our country.”  Casting ballots by mail, she argued, was not a way to avoid crowded polling places in the midst of a pandemic but "a plot by the Left to sow electoral confusion"  that would eventually result in Nancy Pelosi, the House majority leader and Trump bogeywoman, seizing power. “It’s not just about mail voting,” Ms Engelbrecht said. “It is part of a much broader plan.”

    It is crackpots like this that would turn this election into a shit show, or days of bloody unrest and civil uprising - if they don't get their way in a Trump win.  Her chief complaint   -   never mind the raging pandemic leaving ICUs overflowing - is that Democratic governors "have run roughshod over legislatures to extend deadlines for mail ballots, expand the use of drop boxes"  and other reforms that she believes their states are not equipped to manage.   No, you cannot make this shit up.  This is the type of batshit crazy Trumpy idiot we are dealing with now. 

    It feels very intentional,” she told the FT. “It feels as though the pandemic was seized upon.”

    Yeah, right!  And were all the Covid deaths - 226,000 - seized upon too? How about the virus exploding now in all fifty states - was that seized upon too - you brainless harpy?  On November 3rd, Engelbrecht plans to be in a "war room", responding to calls from her volunteers across the country, and readying for a contentious — possibly violent — election day.  

    Financial Times columnist Simon Schama, meanwhile ('The Two Americas'), foretells a grim depiction of what may await should the difference in votes be "too close to call" and proceed for days that way:

    "Anything short of a Biden blowout in which, say, not just North Carolina but Iowa turns Democrat-blue, may prolong the count for days or even weeks, creating a potentially perilous vacuum in which nothing will be settled. Infuriated foot soldiers will take to the streets and the cold cultural civil war that has been rumbling for years will ignite, in some places violently. 

    Up until now it is yard signs that have been set ablaze (or, in one startling case in central Florida, systematically bulldozed by a Trumpian zealot who stole a backhoe to do the damage). In that no man’s land between an initial vote count and a conclusive result, Trump, who has run as grievance warrior, will light new fires, while Joe Biden, who has run as conciliator and unifier, will be holding the hose. The flames may not go out until trust in the democratic transfer of power has been burnt beyond recognition. 

    More than any election in living memory, this one is not so much a choice between opposed policies as a totalising and bitter fight to the death between two mutually exclusive visions of what America is meant to be. In the way of such battles of beliefs (more akin to a war of religion), each side is convinced that the victory of the other spells the end of the republic, so the contest turns into a competition of terminal nightmares. 

    Mike Pence declared with frosty certainty that in Biden’s America “you won’t be safe”, and the Trumpian nightmare features a socialist apocalypse in which the suburban idyll is invaded by low-rent riff-raff, city streets reduced to carpets of broken glass through which looting anarchists carry off appliances of their choice before setting your parked SUV ablaze. In this communist inferno much will be abolished, including, inter alia, Christmas, cows, large windows, the entire gas and oil industry and God. 

    An opposing dystopia features the purging of civil service professionals and their replacement by political trusties; the demotion of science when its findings run counter to presidential self-glorification; the corruption of history into a cult of uncritical flag-wagging; the conversion of the Department of Justice into the enforcing arm of the executive — in sum, the end of constitutionally protected democratic America and the birth of a tinpot autocracy wallowing in spoils

    Except he's way wrong in suggesting the Biden side and progressives are in any way delusional in what we fear. Hell's bells, we've already seen unfold most of what Schama describes in our purported "dystopia" -  from the undermining and demotion of science (e.g. climate change) to the conversion of the DOJ into a Trump extension and arm of power to the replacement of long time civil servants with Trump toadies.  So if anything our side's fears are vastly more supported than the Trumpites.  It follows that the real civil society - which our side represents - has incomprehensibly more at stake to lose if Trump sneaks in again via the Electoral College.  

    As Thomas Friedman put it in his NY Times op-ed:

    'Four more years of a president without shame, backed by a party without spine, amplified by a TV network without integrity, and the cancer will be in the bones of every institution that has made America America.  And if we re-elect him, knowing what a norm-destroying, divisive, corrupt liar he is, then the world will not treat the last four years as an aberration. It will treat them as an affirmation that we’ve changed.

    The world will not just look at America differently, but at Americans differently. And with good reason. 

    Re-electing Trump would mean that a significant number of Americans don’t cherish the norms that give our Constitution meaning, don’t appreciate the need for an independent, professional Civil Service, don’t respect scientists, don’t hunger for national unity, don’t care if a president tells 20,000 lies — in short, don’t care about what has actually made America great and different from any other great power in history."

    Bear in mind through all the media blitz, state tallies and hubbub tonight, this election is essentially a referendum on Trump.  He's easily the most mendacious, incompetent, unqualified and narcissistic cretin to ever hold highest office. An impetuous, grievance-filled imp who has dismissed the virus, allowing the equivalent deaths of a 9/11 every 3 days. 

    Of course, this election is also a referendum on the nation. A test of whether or not it has finally moved beyond the psychotic, vengeful episode that fired a broadside at our Constitution  4 years ago. Turning our nation into two hateful tribes manipulated by a divider-in-chief which no conscience or moral compass.  Will decency and honor prevail, and the U.S. be welcomed again into the fraternity of democratic, Western nations?  Time will tell, but my bet is we will pass that test.

    See Also:


    And:





    Monday, November 2, 2020

    The Mind Virus Scourge of Conservative Talk Radio -It Needs To Be Controlled But How?

     

                     Rush Limbaugh - Main spewer of conservative hyper garbage.

    The degeneration of citizens' mental faculties-  including loss of critical thinking and inability to discern fake news from facts- lies at the heart of the current political divide.  Thus, more than 2 in 5 Americans currently believe codswallop and baseless conspiracy claptrap - while the remaining 3 in 5 at least strive to inhabit reality.  It is also no surprise that the former faction are overwhelmingly aligned with Donald Trump -  perhaps the most mendacious president in American history - and certainly the most malignant conspiracy fabulist leader on planet Earth.

    The ongoing degeneration of mental acuity as well as lowered mean I.Q. has been generally attributed to overexposure to the likes of FOX News and its propagandists.  But this take is superficial  given it doesn't also reckon in the long term degradation of brains owing to over -exposure to conservative talk radio.

    Talk radio,  like Rush Limbaugh's 3 hour long daily whine fests against the "libs",  derives its power from the sheer volume of content produced each week.   That content also likely erodes relative I.Q. by ten points for each week's worth of arrant babble listened to. Consider: the typical talk radio show is produced every weekday and runs three hours. So just the top 15 shows are putting out around 45 hours of content every day.  That is a lot of content to weaken brains, lower critical thinking -- as well as I.Q. Just listen to a typical Limbaugh caller. E.g. from one memorable show eight years ago I happened to check on:  "Mr. Limbaugh, I receive Social Security as a 69 year old retiree and  heard on one of your shows I ought to be ashamed.  Why is it wrong to get my Social Security?   After all I paid into it."

    Ans. "Of course it is wrong, sir!  And look, what you paid in is a  pittance compared to what you are receiving! So yeah, that's a handout! Being dependent on a government handout - any handout,  even a VA benefit -  is beneath a patriotic American who will always find the means for independent support!"

     The caller left with tail between his legs unable to muster a forceful counter argument. Still,  one suspected he  at least bought in partly to Rush's palaver and might even consider stopping his S.S. payments.  After all, who among dittoheads wanted to be only one rung up from one of those dreadful liberal "welfare queens."

    We should note that talk radio  only partly overlaps with institutional conservatism, i.e.  that of right-wing Washington think tanks, and the Republican Party itself. By the early 2000s,  for example, it had embraced a version of conservatism far less focused on free markets and small government.  Instead, shows like Limbaugh's became more focused on ethno-nationalism  ('Who are the real Americans?') and populism. It is, in short, these shows became the core of Trumpism as we now recognize it in his delirious zombies - drooling at his every rally-  hanging on every lie issuing from his piehole 

    This elicits the question of why talk radio still somehow manages to fly below the national media radar. One theory holds that it's because media consumption patterns vary by class. If you should happen into an auto repair shop or onto a factory floor, odds are that talk radio -  likely Limbaugh's show- will be blaring.   My late brother Mike, an ex-cop - also fancied Limbaugh - even to the extent of putting a Limbaugh -like, cigar-puffing image of himself up on his blog, e.g.



    Alas,  many white-collar workers -  professors,  physicians, journalists included -  struggle to understand the reach or power of talk radio because they don’t listen to it. Moreover, they don’t know anyone who does because such people would not be members of their socio-economic class. Why?  Because only the lower socio-economic classes carry and cultivate grievance  - which is basically what all the talk shows are about - to a greater or lesser extent.  Just listen to Limbaugh for an hour and you will get an idea of the white grievance in this country. 

    There's another aspect which impedes the capacity to listen to Limbaugh,  Glenn Beck, Sean Hannity, Mark Levin or anyone else in that corrosive conservo ilk. That is, anyone who wants to make an effort to understand talk radio runs into a barrier of  superfluous grievance content mostly delivered with bombast. Hence, to seek to separate any wheat from chaff requires vast capacity to absorb hours of bullshit and endless whining.  Most sensible, educated people with even a moderate attention span can't do it - well, unless they are  already sympathetic with some of the host’s conservative views. 

    Jim Derych, the author of “Confessions of a Former Dittohead,” put it   this way: Rush Limbaugh “makes you feel like an insider — like you know what’s going on politically, and everyone else is an idiot.”    When I queried my psychology post doc niece Shayl on this she had a ready answer.  "These people feel they're at the bottom of the totem pole, and made fun of by the elites as deplorables.  So any thing, like red meat from Limbaugh, say that puts them on top in the superior class position- is welcome."

    Makes sense to me. Also that there is power inherent in the feeling of finally being 'in the know' about something the elites don't get and never will.  Thus, Limbaugh's 12 million ditto heads can rejoice that they know the real way the world works while the rest of the American “sheeple” slumber.

    Here's another worrisome stat: Talk radio listeners make up a group at least three times larger than the N.R.A. and are just as committed to a particular vision of America. To take one example, since the mid-2000s, talk radio listeners have played a big part in steering Republicans toward the virulent anti-immigration stance of Trump. Limbaugh once even proposed a set of “Limbaugh Laws” requiring immigrants to speak English.  Also barring them from holding government office or having access to government services, and excluding unskilled workers from the country.

    The incipient danger of spreading  malignant memes and mind viruses is  amplified because talk radio is not bounded by physical space. It can follow listeners wherever they go, from the car radio while commuting to the radio resting on the workbench to a radio app on a smartphone. It has the potential to dominate the construction of a person’s worldview in a way that other media simply cannot.

    No surprise then that a majority of Trump's drooling zombies - like the idiots shouting 'Fire Fauci!"  at a  Florida rally yesterday -  have totally had their brains parasitized.  You can also expect them to go batshit nuts on the day after the election should Dotard lose by a landslide.  Their brains have simply been plundered to the point they can't grok losing, so in their febrile brains the only reason for a Trump loss would have to be if the Biden side cheats.

    Talk radio has such a grip on listeners and the only way to curb the influence is to bring back the Fairness Doctrine - which I hope a President Biden does - at some point. No surprise, btw,  that since 2003,  Limbaugh has mentioned the Fairness Doctrine on nearly 150 episodes. He credits the rise of talk radio to the lifting of the Fairness Doctrine in 1987 by the Reagan administration.   And he is spot on correct on that score.

    He also  worries that the left could at any moment use a revived Fairness Doctrine to silence conservative radio. As  Limbaugh put it in January, “They’ve been trying to nullify or negate me for three decades."

    Not quite, El Rushbo. We just want to ensure after each three hours of your blovations there is another side presented, as we'd like for all other talk radio programs.  You get your say, no infringement on free speech. We just get our say as counterpoint right after it!

    There's a need for this balancing of viewpoint given talk radio’s role not only in spreading Covid denialism, but also fanning "socialist takeover" hysteria and Trump's lies about a "rigged" mail ballot election.   This is the sort of toxic brain rot that seeds civil unrest and riots, violence, even if maybe not a full civil war. 

    It's also why conservative talk radio marches to Trump’s drum, and also echoes it with every vile beat.  But look,  no matter what happens tomorrow - or next week -  it will also outlast him. Talk radio emits much too powerful and corrosive a signal to fade silently into the ether.  Particularly when so many millions are already infested by corrosive memes and have become addicted to it.

    Another Intriguing Concept From Roger Penrose: Twistors

     

                                    One possible twistor configuration conceived by Penrose


     For sheer exotic, theoretical entities, few can compare with Roger Penrose's Twistors.   Though he's now remembered best for his Physics Nobel Prize (one half share) for work on stellar -collapsed black holes, e.g.  

    he has also done a vast amount of research in abstract theoretical physics, which includes twistors.  In exploring the twin concepts of twistors and twistor space, Penrose conjectured that space is not really empty but composed of fundamental units called twistors - out of which everything else is constituted. The primary proposition is that it is futile to try to understand the sundry objects in the universe unless the nature of empty space is first comprehended.

    To approach twistors Penrose and his collaborators used complex numbers, e.g. of the form a + bi,  where i is an imaginary number, i.e  i= Ã– -1.     For more on complex numbers see the previous post:

       To  depict the twistor space of T for M, Penrose uses a complex 4-dimensional vector space for which standard complex coordinates (o,1,  2,  3)  are used, i.e.:  

    (Z o)
    (Z 1)
    =
     (t + z  ..... x + iy)  ( Z 
    2)
     (x – iy   ..... t - z)  ( Z 3)

    And we say a twistor Z is incident with a spacetime point R.  In his book, 'The Road To Reality' pp. 974-75, Penrose describes  the twistor representation process as follows:

    Z a  will sometimes be used to represent the twistor Z, where the components of Z in a standard frame would be (o,1,  2,  3).  Each twistor Z, or  Z a, (an element of T) has a complex conjugate Z*,  which is a dual twistor (element of the dual twistor space T*).  In index form, Z* is written  Z*a   , with a lower index, and its components (in the standard frame) would be: 

    (Z*0  ,  Z*1, Z*2, Z*3)  =  (Z*2, Z*3 , Z*0  ,  Z*)

    He adds (ibid.):

    "This notation is probably a little confusing.  The four quantities (complex numbers) on the left are simply the four components of the dual twistor Z*.  The four on the right are the respective complex conjugates of the complex numbers: (2,  3Zo,1).  Thus, the component Z*  of Z* is the complex conjugate of the component  2  of Z etc.  Note the interchange of the first two with the second two when forming the complex conjugation.  Since Z* is a dual twistor, we can form its (Hermitan) scalar product  with the original twistor Z to obtain the (squared) twistor norm:

    ·  Z*  = Z*0  ·  Z 

     Z 0*  Z   11    +   22    +   33

          ½  ( o 2   1 3  2  -    0 - 2  2   -    1 - 3  )

    where this last formula shows the Hermitian expression Z*2     has signature (+ + -  - )."

    Penrose then  points out that:  

    "Much of twistor space is most easily expressed in terms of   PT      rather than  T . 

    So that:  "The numbers   now provide homogenous coordinates for PT, so that the three independent ratios:

          Zo1  : 2 :  3

    serve to label points of PT.  The null projective twistors constitute the space PN which is the 5-real-dimensional subspace of the 6-real dimensional space PT  for which the twistor norm vanishes, i.e
    Z*0  ·  Z  =   0 "

    Penrose's twistor conjecture is not an easy concept but if one understands and uses complex spaces in conjunction with linear algebra the subject is rendered less abstruse.  Basically, the existence of the "dual twistor space"  T*   means one ends up dealing with an 8-dimensional space with 4 real dimensions and 4 complex dimensions.  Physically,  the twistor researchers  allocate three of these dimensions  for specifying position, two for angular directions, and one each for spin, energy and polarization of associated light rays.   

    The visual  representation shown is actually a superposition of  two different twistor spaces - each appearing as twisted 'donut' (torus) spaces.   The extent of the respective twistor space depends on the energy, with small, highly localized space corresponding to  high energy and the larger donut shape corresponding to lower energy.

    A fundamental perspective on twistors is that they is that they show space is not continuous but comprised of discrete units. Hence, space has a texture and one can think of it being quantized.   

    For their part, twistor theoreticians have demonstrated mathematically that their creations are about more than geometry.  For example, various combinations can give rise to different particles.  So 2-twistor particles emerge as electrons, muons and other leptons.    

    In his co-authored book (with Stephen Hawking), 'The Nature of Space and Time' ,   Penrose writes (p. 109):   "The basic idea of twistor theory is to exploit this link between quantum mechanics and spacetime structure,  as manifested  in the Riemann sphere - by extending this idea to  the whole of spacetime."

    Recall the Riemann sphere is based on a positive curvature spacetime geometry as shown below:

    The most radical proposition of Penrose (p. 110) is that "light rays are to be regarded as more fundamental than spacetime points."  In effect, spacetime becomes a  "secondary concept"  while the space of light rays (twistor space) becomes "the more fundamental concept."   Then a point in spacetime is represented by the set of light rays passing through it.  Thus, "a point in spacetime becomes a Riemann sphere in  twistor space."

    There is little doubt twistors are a breathtakingly novel concept but one has good reason to be skeptical that these entities will also be awarded a Nobel Prize anytime soon.